1. Management Versus
Leadership
Communicating with Internal and External Stakeholders
A leader-manager
needs to balance both managerial and leadership functions:
Planning and
Budgeting Versus Establishing Direction: The planning and budgeting process requires the
establishment of detailed steps and deadlines for achieving needed results, followed by
the allocation of resources necessary to make the plan happen. In addition, a leader-manager establishes direction
by developing a vision of the futureoften a distant futureand developing
strategies for producing the changes needed to achieve that vision.
Organizing and
Staffing Versus Aligning People: To organize and staff, a manager must:
establish some structure for accomplishing plan
requirements
staff that structure with individuals
delegate responsibility and authority for carrying
out the plan
provide policies and procedure to help guide people
create methods or systems to monitor implementation
In addition, a
leader-manager must also communicate direction in words and deeds to all those whose
cooperation may be needed AND must also influence the creation of teams that understand
the vision and strategies and accept their validity.
Controlling and
Problem Solving Versus Motivating and Inspiring: To control and problem solve means that a manager
must monitor results, identify deviations from the plan and then plan and organize to
solve these problems. To motivate and inspire,
a leader-manager must also energize people to overcome major political, bureaucratic and
resource barriers to change by satisfying basic, but often unfulfilled, human needs.
MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Planning &
Budgeting
Organizing &
Staffing |
LEADERSHIP FUNCTION
Establishing
Directions
Aligning People
Motivating and
Inspiring |
Source: Adapted
from Kotter (1990)